Pulut taken from the field were washed twice in distilled water then surface sterilized by immersion for 1 minute in 70% vv ethanol, 5 minutes in. Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from 10 species palm trees. Isolation and characterization of antibacterial compound. Diversity of endophytic fungi from root of maize var. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The incidence of endophytic fungi in soybean has been shown to be related to several factors, including the developmental stage during which the plant is sampled miller and roy 1982, environmental conditions elamo et al.
When utilised, this methodology will improve the understanding of orchid mycorrhizal fungi biology and improve. Endophytic fungi usually began to produce hypal filaments after 56 days of incubation at 30 0c. The offshoots were hand carried to laboratorium, washed by using drop water, and cutted into small pieces 4mm. Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria in soybean glycine sp. To isolate and characterize an extracellular antifungal protein exafpc28 from endophytic fungi colletotrichum sp. Introduction to endophytes and their application to.
An array of 76 endophytic bacterial isolates obtained. Isolation and characterization of an extracellular antifungal. Isolation of endophytic fungi was done according to the method described by petrini 1986. Fungal endophytes were isolated from healthy plant parts such as. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out by the neighborjoining method using mega software version 6. All the isolated endophytic fungi were assigned to 40 species in 27 genera. Studies in fungi 51, 8493, alternaria solani doi 10. Isolation of endophytic fungi from leaves of pasania. The results showed that 16 fungi strains belonged to genus alternaria, aspergillus, cladospora and fusarium. Pdf isolation and characterization of endophytic fungi from. This study was conducted to characterize and explore the endophytic fungi of selected plants from the western himalayas for their bioactive potential. Isolation of endophytic fungi from thermopsis lanceolata and their antioxidant activity 29 name of genus fungi number root stem leaf alternaria 5 3 2 aspergillus 2 2 0 chaetomium 1 0 0 fusarium 1 0 0 totalpercentage 956.
Most of these microorganisms are not pathogenic to the host plant. Ilic j, cosic j, vrandecic k, dugalic k, pranjic a, martin j. An endophyte is an endosymbiont, often a bacterium or fungus, that lives within a plant for at least part of its life cycle without causing apparent disease. Diversity of endophytic fungi associated with hedychium. Neighbourjoining analyses were conducted in mega tamura et al. This study aims to obtain endophytic fungal isolates from local aromatic rice and screening of their ability to produce the iaa hormone as a plant growth promoter. Agarwood, or gaharu in malaysia, is one of the traditional woods that is highly demanded by the world market population.
Moreover, the association between the plant and its endophytes is very often mutualistic. A total of 25 fungal species were isolated from healthy leaves and identified based on the morphology of. Total thirty endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves and stems of p. Straindm06 associated with a medicinal plant ocimum sanctum. Influence of endophytic fungi isolated from symptomless. Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from cocoa. Sample collection and isolation of endophytic fungi.
Endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots of salvia abrotanoides kar. Endophytic fungi from the chinese medicinal plant actinidia macrosperma were isolated and identified for the first time. Trichothecinola producing fungal culture was identified using molecular and morphological approaches. Even though the number of endophytic fungi species in aphidfree and aphidinfested plant was same, the abundance of each species was different. Antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi isolated from ophiopogon. Among the several endophytic fungi isolated from the mangrove plant porteresiacoarctata roxb fig. A novel technique for isolating orchid mycorrhizal fungi. Endophytic fungi as biocontrol agents of theobroma cacao. Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria in. Isolation of endophytic fungi from agarwood, lai kim kee 36576 resource biotechnology programme department of molecular biology. Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants of virudhunagar district for antimicrobial activity 148 isolation of endophytic fungi leaves were thoroughly washed with mild detergent and running tap water and then airdried. Isolation of fungi associated with marine sponge isolation of endophytic fungi begins with a sample surface sterilization. Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from various. The potency of endophytic fungal isolates collected from.
Root, stem, leaf and bark used for isolation of endophytic fungi that is summarized in table no 1. Isolation of a single colony of endophytic bacteria obtains 20 bacterial isolates which are 12 bacterial isolates of grampositive and 8 bacterial isolates of gramnegative. For isolation of endophytic fungi, 20 plants, comprising plants from each of the selected locations, were selected. Therefore, endophytic fungi of medicinal plants can be developed for medicinal applications.
A novel method to scale up fungal endophyte isolations. The identities, accession numbers and incubation periods are given in table 1. The result of isolation of endophytic bacteria in ciplukan plant physalis angulata obtains the data which the highest mean is in the rhizosphere part that is. Isolation, characterization, and insecticidal activity of. Isolation of endophytic fungi from leaves of pasania edulis.
Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense occurs when endophytic fungi, which live symbiotically with the majority of plants by entering their cells, are utilized as an indirect defense against herbivores. Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense wikipedia. Isolation, identification and screening of endophytic. Omonrice 12 2004 95 the two hosts are given in table 1. Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from. Isolation of endophytes for the isolation of endophytic fungi, healthy leaves, stems and bark were washed in running tap water. Isolation, characterization, and bioactivity of endophytic.
Pdf endemic medicinals plants of tirumala hills of seshachalam range falling under the eastern ghats of india, were exploited for endophytes as a. Identification of endophytic fungi from fruits and. All parts of the paddy plants were thoroughly washed in running tap water for 24 h to remove debris and any soil particles adhered to the surface of the plants. Surfacedisinfected samples were then rinsed 10 times 5 min each rinse in. Khan r 2007 isolation, identification and cultivation of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants for the production and characterization of bioactive fungal metabolites. Diversity and species composition of fungal endophytes. Studies had shown previously to protect watermelon citrullus lanatus and cucumber cucumis sativus seedlings from anthracnose disease elicited by wildtype c. Endophytic fungi gains substrate of nitrogent and carbohidrate from its host which substrate of host is poisonous compound and released afterwards it is consumed by endophytic fungi for life. After which they were surface sterilized by submerging them in 75% ethanol for 2 min. Although several fungi and bacteria species were reported, no actinomycetes were isolated fisher et al, 1992, souza, 1996. Endophytic fungi as biocontrol agents of theobroma cacao pathogens luis c. Rojas a, zuleyka maynard a, sunshine van bael a, a. Fungal endophytes were isolated from healthy plant parts.
Vegab and soroush parsaa aentomology, international center for tropical agriculture ciat, cali, colombia. Isolation of endophytic actinomycetes from roots and. The percentage occurrence of endophytic fungi varies with the host plants. Exploration of endophytic microorganisms from selected. Fungi that live within functional and healthy plant tissues for all or part of their life cycle. From a tree in the experimental nursery of kagoshima university, located at the city of kagoshima, phyllosticta sp. The plants samples were rinsed gently in running water to remove dust and debris. Five different taxa were represented by 11 isolates, and six isolates were. Diversity and antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from.
Isolation of endophytic actinomycetes from roots and leaves of maize zea mays l. Endophytes constitute an important component of microbial diversity, and in the present investigation, seven plant species with rich ethnobotanical uses representing six families were analyzed for the presence of endophytic fungi from their natural habitats during monsoon mayjune and winter novemberdecember seasons of 2007. Majority of the endophytic fungi isolated belonged to the phylum ascomycota which accounted of about 84%. Isolation of fungal endophytes endophytic fungi were isolated according the protocols described by petrini 1986, which were slightly modified based on preliminary tests. Endophytic fungi of native salvia abrotanoides plants. Pdf isolation and identification of fungal endophytes. Studies on endophytic fungi of calotropis procera l. Endophytic bacteria have been isolated from many different plants including trees pine. Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves of pasania edulis, one of the most important trees of the warm temperate forests in southern kyushu, by the surface sterilization method using h2o2 as a sterilizing agent. Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from 10. Many plants contain endophytic organisms that wilson 1995 defined as fungi or bacteria which, for all or part of their life cycle, invade the tissues of living plants and cause unapparent and asymptomatic infections entirely within plant tissues but cause no symptoms of disease 1. Aspergillus was recovered mostly from leaf blades and. Isolation of endophytic actinomycetes from roots and leaves.
Endophytic fungi are any fungi that grow all or part of their life cycles symptomlessly in. Isolation and identification of fungal endophytes from. The presence of endophytic microorganisms in healthy crops has been demonstrated in maize. Silva, 1997 and so far, no studies have been undertaken to assess the incidence of endophytic actinomycetes of this important species. Endophytic fungal diversity in medicinal plants of western. Figure 1 neighbourjoining nj phylogenetic tree based on itsrdna.
Isolation and characterization of plumbagin 5hydroxyl2. Isolation, purification and maintenance of the endophytic fungus producing vinblastine and vincristine endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves ofcatharanthus roseus obtained from different areas of pune csirnational chemical laboratory and university of pune, india. Isolation and identification of the endophytic fungi a total of 21 morphologically distinct endophytic fungi, 12 from leaves and nine from stems were isolated. Isolation, characterization, and insecticidal activity of an. Workshop biotechnology isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from vascular plants.
Faculty of resource science and technology university malaysia sarawak. Pdf endophyte fungi reside in the tissues beneath the epidermal cell. Antimicrobial activities of mycoleptodiscin b isolated. Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from the mangrove. Introduction to endophytes and their application to develop commercial products autor. In the course of the last 12 years, we have isolated 6500 endophytic fungi from herbaceous plants and trees, screened them for biological activities, and have isolated and determined the structures of the biologically active compounds. To optimize a surface sterilization technique to isolate putative endophytic fungi from roots and leaves of isachne globosa.
This resulted in collection of a total of 22 plant species of monocot and dicot and their different plant parts i. The samples were rinsed gently in running water to remove dust and debris. Endophytic fungi are those living inside the host plant without causing any apparent negative effect on host plant. Fusarium and curvularia had higher occurrences in the seeds compared with the other fungi. Alternariatenuissima, colletotrichum truncatum, and alternaria sp. Identification and colonization of endophytic fungi from. Isolation, purification and characterization of vinblastine. Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from. Isolation and molecular identification of endophytic fungal strain study of fungal growth on various culture conditions to find out the. Isolation of endophytic fungi from healthy branches cocoa branches chosen in this study were infected free, symptomless, healthy, and wooden tissue.
The dissected tissues were placed on potato dextrose agar, with 50mgl chloramphenicol. Copyright mushroom research foundation 2016 diversity of. Pdf endophytic fungi from the chinese medicinal plant actinidia macrosperma were. Five species of leaf endophytic fungi of chili were found i. Phylogenetic analysis performed with the neighbor joining method. In exchange for carbohydrate energy resources, the fungus provides benefits to the plant which can include increased water or nutrient uptake and protection from phytophagous insects, birds.
A total of 81 thai medicinal plant species collected from forests were examined for the presence of endophytic fungi with biological activity. Endophytic fungi the fungi discussed in this report were isolated by decontaminating the endophytic bacteria. The study indicates that endophytic fungi isolated from s. Isolation, identification and screening of endophytic bacteria antagonistic to biofilm formers hira muzzamal, rabbia sarwar, imran sajid and shahida hasnain department of microbiology and molecular genetics, university of the punjab, quaideazam campus, lahore 54590, pakistan abstract. Twenty eight strains of endophytic fungi including sterile mycelia were isolated from the leaf, rhizome and roots of hedychium spicatum ham ex. Introduction to endophytes and their application to develop.
Endophytic fungi are fungi that live in plant tissues without causing disease symptoms and abnormalities in plants. Isolation, ascomycetes, coelomycetes, endophytic fungi, medicinal plants pathogens and even domestic herbivores weber, 1981, malinowski and belesky, 2006. Aged i56ce222582010 a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirement of the. Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants wiyakrutta et al. In order to isolate endophytic fungi, 800 segments of 6. Pdf isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from actinidia. The generally chemicallybased defense properties of endophytic fungi make them a perfect group of organisms to search for new antibiotic compounds within, as other fungi have in the past yielded such useful drugs as penicillin and streptomycin and plants use their antibiotic qualities as a defense against pathogens. From the two methods used for the isolation of endophytic fungi, method 2 showed better growth of endophytes compared to method 1. Isolation and characterisation of four predominant endophytic bacteria namely, pencillium sp. Samuelse, nancy robbinsa, edward allen herrea, asmithsonian tropical research institute, apartado postal 084303092, balboa, ancon, panama b department of plant biology and pathology, rutgers university.
In the present investigation ten medicinal plants were analyzed for the presence of endophytic fungi. The term endophytes includes a family of microorganisms that grow intraandor intercellularly in the tissues of higher plants without any symptoms on the plants in which they reside. Isolation and characterization of an extracellular. Sponge was rinsed with sterile seawater, then cut into small pieces, taken about 10 grams and put in to erlenmeyer flask and add 100 ml sterile seawater. Endophytic fungi were isolated according to the protocol of devarajan et al. Endophytes are ubiquitous and have been found in all species of plants studied to date. Neighborjoining nj phylogenetic tree was constructed from an evolutionary distance by. Studies on biodiversity of fungal endophytes of indigenous.
Copyright mushroom research foundation 2016 diversity. This was the first study to evaluate their cytotoxic and antitumour activities against brine shrimp and five types of tumour cells, respectively. Apr 07, 2018 a total of 25 morphologically distinct endophytic fungi were isolated. The healthy plant samples were collected and cut into small pieces approximately 0. The research aims to isolate and to identify of endophytic fungi of clones cocoa resistant vsd m. Endophytes isolated from sapindus saponaria and fungi with higher identity in ncbi. Endophytic fungi were isolated from different parts of healthy paddy plants oryza sativa. All fungi were identified by colony, morphology and spore characteristics. Isolation, purification and identification of endophytic fungus producing trichothecinola. Leaf endophytic fungi of chili capsicum annuum and their. Diversity of endophytic fungi from the ornamental plant adenium obesum.
The most common endophytic fungal genus recovered was fusarium, followed by aspergillus, curvularia, penicillium, gilmaniella and arthrobotrys foliicola. Endophytic fungi were isolated from endemic medicinal plants of tirumala hills by the procedure of standardized and modified method described by hallman et al. Isolation, identification and biodiversity of endophytic. Endophytic fungi are symbiotically associated with plants and can synthesize the same bioactive compounds and natural products as their host plant themselves, suggesting the possibility of intergeneric genetic exchange between the plant and the fungus. Endophytic fungi that are residing asymptomatically in internal tissues of all higher plants are of growing interest as promising sources of biologically active agents. Five different taxa were represented by 11 isolates, and six isolates were grouped. Isolation and characterization of bacterial endophytes of. A total of 72 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated and characterized morphologically as well as on the basis of its15. Identification and bioactive potential of endophytic fungi. Transmission of class 1 endophytes is primarily vertical, with maternal plants passing fungi on to offspring via seed infections saikkonen et al. Effect of selected endophytic fungi and resistant tomato cultivars on meloidogyne spp. Isolation and characterization of endophytic fungi from. Almost all the plant species 400,000 harbor one or more endophytic organisms tan and zou, 2001. To isolate and purify endophytic fungi from the collected roots and leaves of the isachne globosa.